Lactoferrin induces multiple valuable biological effects, including iron absorption, immune modulation, enhancement of antimicrobial activity, and increasing the growth of epithelial cells (which are the first line of defense) in the gut.

These prebiotics are incredibly beneficial for building gut health. Specifically, these prebiotics are a favorite food for the (good) bacteria species in the gut microbiome. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria, to be specific, among others.

Proline peptides are amino acids produced naturally in our body. These peptides are also known as “signaling peptides” because they have the unique ability to control the immune system—increasing and decreasing our body’s immune activity as needed. When a pathogen is detected, PRPs are one of the primary signals to be sent out in order to mobilize our immune cells to defend and protect our body.

Sialic acids are important sugar molecules found throughout cells in the body. Don’t worry, these sugars won’t spike your blood sugar. Instead, sialic acid plays an important role in cell-to-cell interaction and helps the entire body transmit necessary information. It would also make sense that newborns need an abundance of this vital molecule because it’s an essential nutrient for brain development and function. So much so, that most sialic acid can be found in the brain!